Detection of Bacterial Agents from Chronic Otitis Externa with Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility in Rajshahi

Abstract

Background: Chronic otitis externa is a common infectious disease in both developing and developed countries of the world which is a medical concern.  It is responsible for serious local damages and lead to some complications. Now a days, the treatment of the disease become challenging due to development of antimicrobial drug resistant cases. Objective: To identify bacterial agents causing chronic otitis externa with their antimicrobial susceptibility of the patients attending at
Rajshahi Medical College Hospital. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted in the department of Microbiology in Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi. Clinically suspected patients of chronic otitis externa attending at the out patient department of ENT of RMCH were the study population. A total of 122 samples of ear drainage were collected from the selected patients by purposive sampling technique. Data were collected by a semi structured questionnaire. Organisms isolated and identified by culture, gram stain and relevant biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility was done by modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, programmed version 24 involving frequency distribution, computation of percentage, mean etc. Statistical significance was considered when p value <0.05. Results: Out of 122 samples of aural swab, more than half (53.28%) were culture positive. Among culture positive cases, maximum  were belongs to the age group of 20-29 years (52.1%) and females (54.2%). A total of 65 culture positive bacteria, highest 24 (36.9%) prevalent bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, followed by Staphylococcus aureus (19, 29.23%). Gram negative bacteria showed highest sensitivity to piperacillin /tazobactam, meropenem and highest resistant to cefuroxime, amoxicillin / clavulanic acid. Gram positive bacteria showed highest sensitivity to vancomycin, linezolid and highest resistant to ceftazidime, ceftriaxone. Conclusion: This study will help to formulate antibiogram policy for otitis externa, which in turn will have significant impact on overall prognosis of this chronic problem